For certain patients with osteoarthritis of the knee, a partial knee replacement is a more viable option in comparison with a total knee replacement. When the injury is limited to a single compartment of the knee, this operation can be performed. 

In knee osteoarthritis, the cartilage that protects the bones of the knee wears away over time. Knee osteoarthritis can be treated in a variety of ways and your orthopaedic doctor will review your choices with you to determine which ones would best relieve your specific condition.

The knee is divided into three compartments namely the medial compartment, the lateral compartment and the patellofemoral compartment. In this surgery, only the damaged portion of the knee cartilage is replaced with a prosthesis. The damaged compartment is replaced with metal and plastic during this process. 

Procedure of Partial Knee Replacement

The diseased tissue and bone in the knee joint are removed during partial knee replacement surgery. The injured regions are replaced by a prosthesis or an artificial implant. The rest of the knee stays intact. The patient is either given general or regional anaesthesia prior to surgery.

A cut, typically around 3 to 5 inches is made over the knee by the surgeon. The surgeon next examines the whole knee joint. If more than one component of the knee is damaged, the patient may require a total knee replacement. In most cases, this isn’t necessary because pre-procedure diagnostics already show the damage.

The bone and tissue that has been injured are then removed and the knee is fitted with a plastic and metal component. Bone cement is used to secure the component once it has been placed correctly and then stitches are used to seal the wound.

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Preparing for Partial Knee Replacement

Usually, on the morning of the operation, the patient is admitted to the hospital. The patient should arrive one to two hours before the scheduled operation time. If you are getting a partial knee replacement surgery, you should make every effort to be on time, since operations are scheduled to begin at a certain time. 

Although some patients benefit from one or two nights at the hospital, you may be able to go home the day of the surgery. Your surgeon will make every attempt to anticipate your needs and offer you the necessary support services.

Advantages of Partial Knee Replacement

Patients who get a partial knee replacement spend less time in the hospital and return to normal activities sooner than those who have a total knee replacement because the partial knee replacement is performed through a smaller incision.

Following are some of the advantages of partial knee replacement:

1. Partial knee replacement leads to faster recovery.
2. There is less discomfort after the surgery.
3. There is lesser blood loss.
4. In a partial knee replacement, the knee may flex more easily.
5. Precise tools make it easier to put implants in the best possible location, resulting in a more natural-feeling knee.
6. Smaller tools provide a minimally invasive incision.
7. It can be performed on an outpatient basis.

Also Read: https://healinghospital.co.in/myths-regarding-the-joint-replacement-surgery-by-healing-hospital-in-chandigarh/

Disadvantages of Partial Knee Replacement

Following are some of the disadvantages of partial knee replacement:

1. Pain alleviation can be unpredictable in partial knee replacement.
2. If arthritis develops in other compartments of the knee at a later stage in life, a total knee replacement surgery may be required in future.

After partial knee replacement surgery, most patients report reduced pain and improved mobility. But you need to remember that you may have to alter your activity choices to avoid placing too much strain on your replacement knee joint.